截至当前,本项目已累计征集到50余篇译文投稿,涵盖(1)Apache License 2.0、MIT、GPL 2.0、GPL 3.0、LGPL 3.0、AGPL 3.0等主流许可证33份,(2)OFL字体许可证、CERN-OHL-P-2.0开放硬件许可证、CDLA数据许可证等特殊用途许可证6份,(3)EUPL[欧]、CeCILL-2.1[法]、공공누리(KOGL)[韩]、D-FSL-1.0[德]等特定法域及小语种许可证6份,(4)FDL等其他许可证6份。
继2023年上半年对BSD系列许可证、MIT许可证、Apache License 2.0、GPLv3进行专家评审之后,本项目于10月21日组织专家对GPLv3同系列的强限制型许可证的AGPLv3投稿译文进行了评审。关于AGPLv3译文,我们首先对 Peaksol、Lotus、欧轩琦、赵振华 四位积极参与投稿的译者表示感谢!
参与本次讨论的评审团成员如下,并最终形成AGPLv3译文审定稿。
鉴于AGPLv3系GPLv3同系列的许可证,且有FSF先后发布(GPLv3于2007年6月29日发布,AGPLv3于2007年11月19日发布),因而在对两个许可证进行文本比较之后,我们就AGPLv3对于GPLv3的增量条款的4份译本进行了投稿、逐字讨论及综合审定。此外,有专家指出,在逐个打磨许可证译本的同时,也可以整理一份开源法律方面的术语库/glossary,以供后续无论许可证方面、司法案例方面等中文译本储备术语标准。
序言
序言首句“The GNU Affero General Public License is a free, copyleft license for software and other kinds of works, specifically designed to ensure cooperation with the community in the case of network server software.” 该段【投稿2】得票最多,经对该投稿版讨论后在GPLv3译本基础上,审定为“GNU Affero通用公共许可证是面向软件及其他作品形式的、自由的著佐权许可证,为针对网络服务器软件情形下保障社区合作而专门设计。”
序言后半部分中的 “ A secondary benefit of defending all users' freedom is that improvements made in alternate versions of the program, if they receive widespread use, become available for other developers to incorporate. Many developers of free software are heartened and encouraged by the resulting cooperation. However, in the case of software used on network servers, this result may fail to come about. The GNU General Public License permits making a modified version and letting the public access it on a server without ever releasing its source code to the public. 【投稿3】得票最多。与会专家指出,secondary benefit是相比能让软件自由传播这个好处之外的,能让软件的改进也自由传播这个好处,这并非“次要好处”,就是“另一个好处”。“alternate version” 在含义上并非是替代版本或迭代版本,因为“修改版本”并不产生替代原程序的效果(替代,即源程序灭失),建议改为“其他版本”。此外,“the result”对应的是“resulting cooperation”+感到振奋鼓舞, 因而建议翻译为“这种合作效果”。该句译本审定为 “捍卫所有用户的自由还有一个好处,就是如果在程序的其他版本中做出的改进得到广泛应用,上述改进可供其他开发者获取并采用。由此产生的合作使得自由软件的许多开发者感到振奋和鼓舞。但是对于运行在网络服务器上的软件而言,可能无法产生这种合作效果。GNU通用公共许可证允许制作修改版本并可将其运行在服务器上允许公众访问,而无需将源代码向公众发布。”
“ The GNU Affero General Public License is designed specifically to ensure that, in such cases the modified source code becomes available to the community. It requires the operator of a network server to provide the source code of the modified version running there to the users of that server. Therefore, public use of a modified version, on a publicly accessible server, gives the public access to the source code of the modified version. ’ 【投稿2】得票最高,但尾句翻译未突出该句含义。经讨论,该段审定为 “GNU Affero通用公共许可证正是为了保证在该情形下社区可以获得修改后的源代码而专门设计。该许可证要求网络服务器的运营者向该服务器的用户提供修改版本的源代码。因此,在可公开访问的服务器上,公开运行修改版本,则需向公众提供修改版本的源代码。”
"An older license, called the Affero General Public License and published by Affero, was designed to accomplish similar goals. This is a different license, not a version of the Affero GPL, but Affero has released a new version of the Affero GPL which permits relicensing under this license." 【投稿1】得票最多。与会专家指出,此处区分了Affero名义下发布的许可证和FSF名义下发布的AGPL许可证。且Affero名义下的AGPL的软件可以用FSF名义下的AGPL许可证再许可(Relicense)。该段审定为“Affero早先发布过一个许可证,名为Affero通用公共许可证,旨在实现类似的目标。本许可证是另一个许可证,并非Affero GPL的某个版本;不过Affero已发布了Affero GPL的新版本,其允许在本许可证下再许可。”
条款13
Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, if you modify the Program, your modified version must prominently offer all users interacting with it remotely through a computer network (if your version supports such interaction) an opportunity to receive the Corresponding Source of your version by providing access to the Corresponding Source from a network server at no charge, through some standard or customary means of facilitating copying of software. This Corresponding Source shall include the Corresponding Source for any work covered by version 3 of the GNU General Public License that is incorporated pursuant to the following paragraph. 该段【投稿1】得票最多,该段审定为“尽管本许可证存在其他条款,如果您修改本程序,您的修改版本必须以显著的方式让通过计算机网络与本程序远程交互(如果您的版本支持这种交互)的所有用户,以某些便于复制软件的标准或通常方式,从网络服务器上免费获取您的版本的对应源代码。对应源代码应当包含根据下一段规定纳入的、受 GNU 通用公共许可证第3版覆盖的任何作品的对应源代码。”
“Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed under version 3 of the GNU General Public License into a single combined work, and to convey the resulting work. The terms of this License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work, but the work with which it is combined will remain governed by version 3 of the GNU General Public License.” 该段【投稿2】得票最多,该段说明了与GPLv3的关系,审定为“尽管本许可证存在其他条款,您有权将任何被覆盖作品与GNU 通用公共许可证第3版下许可的作品进行链接或组合为单一组合作品,并传递由此产生的作品。本许可证的条款将继续适用于被覆盖作品,但与之组合的原作品仍将受GNU 通用公共许可证第3版的约束。”
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
基于以上讨论,各位专家在本次评审会上达成了审定稿,在此我们向参与译文投票及评审的专家们表示诚挚地感谢!
鉴于当前尚待FSF对GPLv3许可证问题进行释疑,我们将在收到GPLv3许可证问题反馈之后,与GPLv3译文一起正式公示AGPLv3译文。公示期同样为一个月。届时欢迎各位朋友通过邮件 Translation@openatom.io 或相关issue就AGPLv3审定稿及会议纪要提出您的建议与意见。
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